Active and Passive Voice

 

Active and Passive Voice – Notes

1. Active Voice

Definition:
A sentence is in Active Voice when the subject performs the action.

Structure:
Subject + Verb + Object

Example:

• Ram wrote a letter.

• The teacher teaches English.

• She is reading a book.

Here the subject is doing the action.

Examples of Active Voice

1. Ram wrote a letter.

2. She sings a song.

3. The teacher explains the lesson.

4. Riya is cleaning the room.

5. They play football.

6. He completed the work.

7. The boy kicked the ball.

8. She is drawing a picture.

9. Mother cooked food.

10. The students solved the problem.

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2. Passive Voice

Definition:
A sentence is in Passive Voice when the action is done to the subject.

Structure:
Object + helping verb + past participle (V³) + by + subject

Example:

• A letter was written by Ram.

• English is taught by the teacher.

• A book is being read by her.

Examples of Passive Voice

1. A letter was written by Ram.

2. A song is sung by her.

3. The lesson is explained by the teacher.

4. The room is being cleaned by Riya.

5. Football is played by them.

6. The work was completed by him.

7. The ball was kicked by the boy.

8. A picture is being drawn by her.

9. Food was cooked by mother.

10. The problem was solved by the students.

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Steps to Change Active into Passive

1. Object of Active → Subject of Passive

2. Verb changes into Past Participle (V³)

3. Use suitable helping verb (is, am, are, was, were, etc.)

4. Subject becomes object with “by”

Example

Active:
She wrote a letter.

Passive:
A letter was written by her.

Practice Questions

A. Change into Passive Voice

1. Ram wrote a letter.

2. She sings a song.

3. The teacher teaches English.

4. They play football.

5. Riya cleaned the room.

6. He finished the work.

7. The boy kicked the ball.

8. Mother cooked food.

9. She is reading a book.

10. The students solved the problem.

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B. Change into Active Voice

11. A letter was written by Ram.

12. English is taught by the teacher.

13. The room was cleaned by Riya.

14. The ball was kicked by the boy.

15. A song is sung by her.

16. Football is played by them.

17. The work was finished by him.

18. Food was cooked by mother.

19. A book is being read by her.

20. The problem was solved by the students.